Incontinence in the Elderly: Incontinence affects many older adults and can be a difficult topic to discuss. It is not an inevitable part of ageing and, in many cases, symptoms can be managed or improved. Understanding causes, types and practical support options helps protect health, preserve dignity and improve quality of life.
What is incontinence?
Incontinence in the Elderly means the loss of control over bladder or bowel function. It ranges from occasional leaks to complete loss of control. Causes vary and often involve a combination of physical, medical and environmental factors.
Types of incontinence
Urinary incontinence
- Stress incontinence: Leakage during physical activity, coughing or laughing due to weakened pelvic floor muscles.
- Urge incontinence: A sudden, strong need to pass urine and inability to reach the toilet in time.
- Overflow incontinence: The bladder does not empty fully and dribbling occurs.
- Functional incontinence: The person can control their bladder but cannot reach the toilet in time because of mobility or cognitive issues.
Faecal incontinence
- Uncontrolled bowel movements or soiling. Causes include weakened pelvic muscles, constipation, nerve damage or neurological conditions.
Mixed incontinence
- A combination of urinary and faecal symptoms.
Why does incontinence occur in older people?
Contributing factors include:
- Age-related changes in pelvic muscles and bladder capacity.
- Chronic conditions such as diabetes, stroke, Parkinson’s disease and dementia.
- Medications that affect fluid balance or bladder function.
- Mobility problems or environmental barriers that prevent timely toilet access.
- Constipation and urinary tract infections.
Incontinence in the Elderly: How common is it?
Incontinence in the Elderly and affects both men and women. Many people do not report symptoms because of embarrassment. Early discussion and assessment can lead to effective management.
Assessment and diagnosis
If incontinence is suspected, see a GP. An assessment may include:
- A medical history and symptom diary.
- Physical examination.
- Urine tests to rule out infection.
- Simple bladder scans or referral to a specialist where needed.
Early assessment helps identify reversible causes and informs the most suitable management plan.
Incontinence in the Elderly: Treatment and management options
Treatment depends on the type and cause of incontinence. Options include:
Conservative measures
- Pelvic floor muscle training, including supervised physiotherapy.
- Bladder training to increase the time between toilet visits.
- Fluid management and avoiding bladder irritants such as caffeine.
- Regular bowel care and a high fibre diet to prevent constipation.
Medical treatments
- Medications for overactive bladder or other underlying conditions, prescribed and monitored by a GP.
- Localised treatments for men and women where appropriate.
Devices and containment
- Pessaries for some women and penile clamps for some men.
- Absorbent pads and disposable briefs designed for dignity and comfort.
- Skin care products to protect skin and prevent irritation.
Surgical options
- Considered when other treatments have failed and depending on the individual’s health and preferences.
Incontinence in the Elderly: Practical care tips for carers
- Encourage regular toilet visits and maintain a simple timetable.
- Keep clothing and the home easy to manage; use elasticated waist garments where helpful.
- Ensure good skin care: wash gently, dry thoroughly and use barrier creams as needed.
- Store continence products within easy reach and change promptly to prevent soreness.
- Make the path to the toilet safe and well lit; install grab rails if necessary.
- Keep a calm, non-judgmental approach when offering help.
Supporting dignity and emotional wellbeing
Incontinence in the Elderly can be distressing. Offer reassurance and practical solutions, involve the person in decisions and keep conversations respectful. Encourage social activity and avoid isolating the person because of their condition.
When to seek help urgently
Contact a GP or emergency services if:
- There is sudden inability to pass urine.
- There are signs of severe infection such as fever or confusion.
- Skin shows signs of severe breakdown or infection.
- Incontinence follows a fall or new neurological symptoms.
How Live In Solutions can help
At Live In Solutions, we provide compassionate, discreet support tailored to individual needs. Our carers can assist with:
- Personal care and toileting support.
- Continence management and product guidance.
- Toileting schedules and bladder training support.
- Skin care and prevention of pressure damage.
- Specialist referrals and liaison with healthcare professionals.
- Emotional support to restore confidence and dignity.
We offer both visiting care and live-in care options, depending on the level of support required.
Incontinence in the Elderly: Final note
Incontinence is manageable. With the right assessment and person-centered support, many people regain confidence and comfort. If you are concerned about a loved one, help is available.
Call Live In Solutions on 01245 890336 for confidential advice and a free assessment.